![]() ![]() Video records enable an examination of visually and acoustically described behavior that provide insight on the importance of contextual cues for how dolphin signal-receivers respond to signalers. ![]() Inter-observer reliability is also possible from videotaped records, thus providing a set of observations able to withstand the rigors of statistical machinations. Video recordings are especially useful for documentation, and subsequent analysis, of subtle within-group signaling of dolphins underwater, where they spend over 85% of their time. More importantly, comparisons of specific behaviors between individuals and groups of dolphins are facilitated. These data can be analyzed for evidence of acoustic, visual, and tactile signal exchange and behavioral coordination within varying social contexts. Observations of dolphin behavior are enhanced through the use of video recordings valuable information is preserved and the dynamics of inter-animal relations, associations, behavior, and sociality can be examined. Location of the vocalizing dolphin is based upon associating visual distribution of animals with directions to sound sources as determined by aural psycho-acoustics.ĭudzinski and Gregg both used an ECD – echolocation click detector – that was added to the original design in a small second housing containing a digital audio (or recently an M-Audio) recorder together with a pre-processor circuit that allowed detection of the highly directional part of a dolphin’s echolocation ‘clicks’ and makes these audible and recordable.ĭudzinski affectionately calls the MVA her “array”–since it contains at least two hydrophones. Hydrophone spacing on the housing is scaled to the human inter-aural distance based upon the speed of sound in water (4.5 times faster than in air). Manually operated under water, the system consists of two omni-directional hydrophones cabled through a custom underwater housing into a stereo video camera. The mobile video/acoustic system (MVA) was developed to permit real-time synchronous recording of the sounds and behaviors of individual, free-swimming dolphins. Underwater observations of dolphins that are greater than 180 s become true encounters by definition > Short Encounter – Any underwater observations of dolphins between 30 s & 180 s. ![]() Spatially, each individual in a single subgroup is within at least five dolphin-body widths of its nearest conspecific. > Subgroup – Dolphins observed in apparent association, moving in the same general direction, although not all individuals necessarily heading in the same direction, and engaged in the same activity. At Mikura, the long axis placed parallel to the coastline. > Group – The “total available dolphins” observed within an imaginary ellipse, with a 200 m long axis & 100 m short axis for dimensions. A mobile video/acoustic system (MVA) is used to record dolphin behavior and sound. Simultaneous video and stereo audio recording of identified dolphins and real-time, all-occurrence documentation of specific behaviors and group activity provide a data record. The use of a video game controller to pilot the 23,000-pound Titan vessel on its dives 13,000 feet below sea level sparked mockery online, with some claiming the sub was destined to fail.Focal animal and focal group follows provide the framework for data collection focusing on dolphin signal exchange and contact behavior. The crew in the sub receives text message instructions from the surface ship and then uses the controller to steer the sub. Stockton Rush, the CEO of OceanGate Expeditions, the company behind the Titan's deep-sea tours, told CBS News in November that the vessel was operated with a modified Logitech gamepad controller. The support ship transports the vessel to and from the location where the dive is taking place. The submersible, called the Titan, is unlike a submarine in that it does not have enough power to leave and return to port on its own without the help of a mothership. ![]() The tourist submersible that went missing while carrying five people to view the Titanic shipwreck on Sunday is piloted with a video-game controller, prompting some criticism, but even the US Navy has utilized controllers in the past. Account icon An icon in the shape of a person's head and shoulders. ![]()
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